The Night And A Long Way Gone By Ishmael Beah Essay Example For Students

The Night And A Long Way Gone By Ishmael Beah Essay Some of the most fabled stories of our time come from individuals overcoming impossible odds and surviving horrific situations. This is prevalent throughout the Holocaust. People are fascinated with this event in history because the survivors had to overcome immense odds. One, of many, of the more famous story about the Holocaust is Night by Elie Wiesel. Through this medium, Wiesel still manages to capture the horrors of the camps, despite the reader already knowing the story. In addition to him having to overcome difficult odds in order to survive for himself, he also had to care for his weakening father. A similar situation occurs in A Long Way Gone by Ishmael Beah, however, Ishmael accepts the situation and is able to defend himself. While they differ in their ability to defend themselves, they both relate in that they need to fight, both mentally and physically in order to survive. In both Night and A Long Way Gone, Ishmael Beah and Elie Wiesel are stripped of their identity and are forced to change and adapt in order to survive a new and hostile environment which changes them for the rest of their life.During the Holocaust, the prisoners were stripped on who they really are, due to no longer being able to express who they are. This is due to self-expression not being accepted in the camps. We will write a custom essay on The Night And A Long Way Gone By Ishmael Beah specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now All of the Holocaust prisoners were forced to wear the same exact clothing, with no exception. â€Å"We were handed winter clothing: striped shirts that were a bit heavier† (Wiesel 77). Most people represent themselves by wearing clothing that express themselves, but this restricts that expression. If any prisoner was seen showing any sign of individuality, they were punished with harsh beatings. â€Å".a Kapo came in to check if, by chance, some. .a. He, like Wiesel, does speeches for the people who want to listen to his wise words and amazing stories. Elie Wiesel and Ishamel Beah, as well as many others, had to change their character and who they are as a person simply to survive another day. They were stripped of a basic human right, their identity and had to adapt to this. They also had to change their morals and priorities in order to survive. Even after all the hardships they face, how traumatizing the events were can be difficult to live with. During the events as well, they feel regret on how they could have avoided the entire situation. However, if they survive, they often become stronger and successful from the stories they tell and the lessons they learn. While many people enjoy criticizing how people could have done things better to survive, it is much easier said than done, just ask these people.

Baron Friedrich Von Steuben in the American Revolution

Baron Friedrich Von Steuben in the American Revolution Friedrich Wilhelm August Heinrich Ferdinand von Steuben was born September 17, 1730, at Magdeburg. The son of Lieutenant Wilhelm von Steuben, a military engineer, and Elizabeth von Jagvodin, he spent some of his early years in Russia after his father was assigned to assist Czarina Anna. During this period he spent time in the Crimea as well as Kronstadt. Returning to Prussia in 1740, he received his education at the Lower Silesian towns of Neisse and Breslau (Wroclaw) before serving as a volunteer with his father for a year (1744) during the War of the Austrian Succession. Two years later, he officially entered the Prussian Army after turning 17. Baron von Steuben - Seven Years War: Initially assigned to the infantry, von Steuben sustained a wound at the Battle of Prague in 1757.   Proving an adept organizer, he received an appointment as battalion adjutant and earned a promotion to first lieutenant two years later. Wounded a the defeat at Kunersdorf in 1759, von Steuben again returned to action. Elevated to captain by 1761, von Steuben continued to see extensive service in the Prussian campaigns of the Seven Years War (1756-1763). Recognizing the young officers skill, Frederick the Great placed von Steuben on his personal staff as an aide-de-camp and in 1762 admitted him to the special class on warfare that he taught. Despite his impressive record, von Steuben found himself unemployed at the end of the war in 1763 when the Prussian Army was reduced to peacetime levels. Baron von Steuben - Hohenzollern-Hechingen: After several months of seeking employment, von Steuben received an appointment as hofmarschall (chancellor) to Josef Friedrich Wilhelm of Hohenzollern-Hechingen. Enjoying the comfortable lifestyle provided by this position, he was made a knight of the aristocratic Order of Fidelity by the Margrave of Baden in 1769. This was largely the result of a falsified lineage prepared by von Steubens father. Shortly thereafter, von Steuben began using the title baron. With the prince short on funds, he accompanied him to France in 1771 with the hope of securing a loan. Unsuccessful, they returned to Germany where through the early 1770s von Steuben remained in Hodenzollern-Hechingen despite the princes increasing decaying financial position. Baron von Steuben - Seeking Employment: In 1776, von Steuben was forced to leave due to rumors of alleged homosexuality and accusations of his having taken improper liberties with boys. Though no proof exists regarding von Steubens sexual orientation, the stories proved sufficiently powerful to compel him to seek new employment. Initial efforts to obtain a military commission in Austria and Baden failed, and he traveled to Paris to try his luck with the French. Seeking out the French Minister of War, Claude Louis, Comte de Saint-Germain, who had met previously in 1763, von Steuben again was unable to obtain a position. Though he had no use for von Steuben, Saint-Germain recommended him to Benjamin Franklin, citing von Steubens extensive staff experience with the Prussian Army. Though impressed with von Steubens credentials, Franklin and fellow American representative Silas Deane initially turned him down as they were under instructions from the Continental Congress to refuse foreign officers who could not speak English. Additionally, Congress had grown wearisome of dealing with foreign officers who often demanded high rank and exorbitant pay. Returning to Germany, von Steuben was again confronted with allegations of homosexuality and was ultimately lured back to Paris by an offer of free passage to America. Baron von Steuben - Coming to America: Again meeting with the Americans, he received letters of introduction from Franklin and Deane on the understanding that he would be a volunteer without rank and pay. Sailing from France with his Italian greyhound, Azor, and four companions, von Steuben arrived at Portsmouth, NH in December 1777. After almost being arrested due to their red uniforms, von Steuben and his party were lavishly entertained in Boston before departing Massachusetts. Traveling south, he presented himself to the Continental Congress at York, PA on February 5. Accepting his services, Congress directed him to join General George Washingtons Continental Army at Valley Forge. It also stated that payment for his service would be determined after the war and based upon his contributions during his tenure with the army. Arriving at Washingtons headquarters on February 23, he quickly impressed Washington though communication proved difficult as a translator was required. Baron von Steuben - Training an Army: In early March, Washington, seeking to take advantage of von Steubens Prussian experience, asked him to serve as inspector general and oversee the training and discipline of the army. He immediately commenced designing a training program for the army. Though he spoke no English, von Steuben began his program in March with the aid of interpreters. Beginning with a model company of 100 chosen men, von Steuben instructed them in drill, maneuver, and a simplified manual of arms. These 100 men were in turn sent out to other units to repeat the process and so on until the entire army was trained. In addition, von Steuben introduced a system of progressive training for recruits which educated them in the basics of soldiering. Surveying the encampment, von Steuben greatly improved sanitation by reorganizing the camp and repositioning kitchens and latrines. He also endeavored to improve the armys record keeping to minimize graft and profiteering. Highly impressed with von Steubens work, Washington successfully petitioned Congress to permanently appoint von Steuben inspector general with the rank and pay of a major general. This request was granted on May 5, 1778. The results of von Steubens training regimen immediately showed in the American performances at Barren Hill (May 20) and Monmouth (June 28). Baron von Steuben - Later War: Attached to Washingtons headquarters, von Steuben continued to work to improve the army. In the winter of 1778-1779, he wrote Regulations for the Order and Discipline of the Troops of the United States which outlined training courses as well as general administrative procedures. Moving through numerous editions, this work remained in use up to the War of 1812. In September 1780, von Steuben served on the court-martial for British spy Major  John Andrà ©. Accused of espionage in relation to the defection of Major General Benedict Arnold, the court-martial found him guilty and sentenced him to death. Two months later, in November, von Steuben was sent south to Virginia to mobilize forces to support Major General Nathanael Greenes army in the Carolinas. Hampered by state officials and British raids, von Steuben struggled in this post and was defeated by Arnold at Blandford in April 1781. Replaced by the Marquis de Lafayette later that month, he moved south with a Continental force to join Greene despite the arrival of Major General Lord Charles Cornwallis army in the state. Criticized by the public, he halted on June 11 and moved to join Lafayette in opposing Cornwallis. Suffering from ill health, he elected to take sick leave later that summer. Recovering he rejoined Washingtons army on September 13 as it moved against Cornwallis at Yorktown. In the resulting Battle of Yorktown, he commanded a division. On October 17, his men were in the trenches when the British offer of surrender was received. Invoking European military etiquette, he ensured that his men had the honor of remaining in the lines until the final surrender was received. Baron von Steuben - Later Life: Though the fighting in North America was largely concluded, von Steuben spent the remaining years of the war working to improve the army as well as began designing plans for the postwar American military. With the end of the conflict, he resigned his commission in March 1784, and lacking potential employment in Europe decided to settle in New York City. Though he hoped to live a genteel life of retirement, Congress failed to give him a pension and granted only a small amount of his expense claims. Suffering from financial hardships, he was aided by friends such as Alexander Hamilton and Benjamin Walker. In 1790, Congress granted von Steuben a pension of $2,500. Though less than he had hoped, it allowed Hamilton and Walker to stabilize his finances. For the next four years, he split his time between New York City and a cabin near Utica, NY which he built on land given to him for his wartime service. In 1794, he permanently moved to the cabin and died there on November 28. Buried locally, his grave is now the site of Steuben Memorial State Historic Site. Sources National Park Service: Baron von SteubenFriedrich Wilhelm Von Steuben

Fall of the soviet union Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Fall of the soviet union - Research Paper Example b. In 1985, Saudi Arabia refuses to support international oil-price. As a result, oil-production increased high, but oil-price fell. Consequently, the Soviets lost 20 billion dollars annually. c. So, the Soviets were forced to loan heavily from 1985-1988 and finally, soviet economy completely stalled. II. The economic crisis of Soviet Union, one of the main reasons of soviet downfall, began long before the fall of oil-price in international market. a. The agriculture policy, adopted by the Soviet authority in 1920s played a disastrous role in the country’s production sector. b. In international market, the Soviet Union turned into the largest grain-importer from the largest exporter of grains in the 1980s. c. Also the huge expenditure in the Afghan War pushed the country towards bankruptcy. III. Reagan Doctrine also played a crucial role in the downfall of the Soviet Union. The Reagan Government created effective defense against the communist expansionism in different countrie s of the world by providing the anti-communists with military and moral help. a. The Reagan Government provided military-support to the Taliban in Afghanistan. b. Also by creating a successful defense, it rather accelerated the fall of the Soviet Union by increasing the expenditure on the Soviet’s part. ... l of the Soviet Union Name Course Tutor Date Introduction The fall of the Soviet Union was essentially the result of the combined interaction of a number of factors such collapse of domestic economy, defeating situation in Afghanistan, growing resentment against communism at home and abroad, the United States’ confrontation against the communist expansion, etc. During the first half of the 1980s, the soviet economy began to face increasingly the economic crisis which put the soviet leaders in urgent necessity to deploy more troops in Afghanistan in order to reach the shore of the Indian Ocean. But fortunately Reagan Presidency in the White was far-sighted enough to build a line of confrontation in Afghanistan using the Taliban Militants.1 The situation in the 19980s for the Soviet leaders was somewhat like a dilemma. On one hand, they needed more economic resources to survive. The more they fed the gigantic soviet Army at abroad at the expense of domestic development and econo mic growth, the faster the domestic economy collapsed. Moreover, the Reagan Presidency was successful enough to grow a diplomatic defense in the Middle Eastern countries. As a result, around the middle of the 1980s, the Soviet troops gained popularity as an invading force, whereas the United States emerged as a pro-liberation power at home and abroad. Subsequently, in September 13, 1985, Saudi Arabian Government declared that it would, no longer, support the oil-prices. As a result, oil-depended soviet-export sector began to fall head down, losing $20 billion dollars annually, in the beginning of 1986.2 Indeed the subsequent soviet steps to prop up domestic economy were not effective enough to rescue the country from the oncoming bankruptcy, in 1989, made the collapse of the regime inevitable.

Power dynamics and empowerment issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Power dynamics and empowerment issues - Essay Example Power is realized and applied through certain social laws, actions and even strikes. The example, in terms of health it can be the social policy of a definite state. If local hospitals will have the power to check all potential HIV carriers then the rate of the malady spread will surely go down. Another example may include the power given to the directors of organizations not set the pre-condition of non-smoking in the office. This aspect is also very important to the health promotion. Power is the best incentive for some organizations to step in. For instance there many medical institutions that just do not have power to fulfill all their plans and intentions. There is an organization that strives for treating alcoholics. It is well known in the medicine that this chronic disease is treated only with the patient’s consent. However, only a small percentage of the drunkards are going to accept them being ill. That is why this organization demands to be given the power to take such people to hospitals by force. The thing is that in this way doctors limit a patient’s freedom that is considered the most violent crime in the modern world. On the other hand such person terrorizes the whole family not allowing them to live peacefully. Mothers and wives cannot cope with the physical force of a drunken man and have only to suffer. All their exhortations result in nothing – the only way out to fight with alcoholism is to give power to medical centers to go ahead. During several decades social discrepancy, poverty, famine, and other social disaster has risen significantly. Despite the rising numberÐ º of prosperous people in the developed countries – they constitute for about 20%, at those developed countries the number of poor people has reached the amount of 30%. â€Å"World-wide health disparities are increasing due to vulnerability to disease from severe malnutrition, rapid re-emergence of water and

Strategic Management Individual Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Strategic Management Individual - Assignment Example ith their operational strategy so as to render enhanced services to the community and to promote consistent growth of the business (McKellar, 2010, p.136). To support and execute sustainable development in its broader sense, it is necessary for the management to achieve some strategic changes in terms of decision making processes, project cycle, and organisational culture (Business strategies for sustainable development, 1992). This could be attained through the implementation of a strategic environmental analysis system. This paper will discuss what a strategic environmental analysis system is and the essential analysis frameworks in the external and organisational environments. According to Kessler, â€Å"Strategic Environmental Analysis (SEAN) is a structured, participatory process to analyse environmental problems and opportunities for development, to identify main actors, and to define strategic goals at early stages.† (Kessler, 2000, p.136). The most notable feature of this system is that it tries to address the inter-relationship between environmental concerns and socio-economic development concerns (Erdmenger, et al, 2000, p.80). The SEAN considers the elements of different conceptual and environmental assessment backgrounds, such as strategic environmental assessment. Another potential feature of this framework is that it tends to be proactive by acting on the early stages of decision making instead of being reactive or defensive (Segnestam et al, 2003). Since SEAN is a potential framework to identify the areas of overlap between environmental and socio-economic development issues, it can better assist the organisation to develop effective bu t achievable sustainable development goals. SEAN is an effective way to set strategic priorities because it can minimise the complexities and uncertainties involved in the strategic planning process while at the same ensuring that critical issues do not go unaddressed (Dalal-Clayton & Sadler, 1999, p.na). A

The Second World War (WWII) - News Article :: World War 2 II Two

The Bomb Was Dropped Today is the day after the mass destruction of Hiroshima. On Monday, August 6th the first atomic bomb to be used in war fare was dropped. The atomic bomb â€Å"Little Boy† as they called it was drooped at approximately 8:15am Japanese standard time. The B-29 Bomber â€Å"Enola Gay† was the one to have dropped the atomic bomb yesterday which caused mass destruction. When the bomb reached approximately 2,000 feet above the surface it was detonated. Reports say that â€Å"Little Boy† caused a massive wind that leveled houses up to 1.5 miles from the center of the explosion. â€Å"A bright light filled the plane," wrote Lt. Col. Paul Tibbets, the pilot of the Enola Gay, the B-29 that dropped the first atomic bomb. "We turned back to look at Hiroshima. The city was hidden by that awful cloud...boiling up, mushrooming." He was astonished at what they have done. Today the day after the drop of â€Å"Little Boy† it is unknown of the amount of deaths and it is believed to be in the tens of thousands. What will happen next? Will we see Japan surrender the war? In the up coming days we will see how this concludes. Today is the day after the mass destruction of Hiroshima. On Monday, August 6th the first atomic bomb to be used in war fare was dropped. The atomic bomb â€Å"Little Boy† as they called it was drooped at approximately 8:15am Japanese standard time. The B-29 Bomber â€Å"Enola Gay† was the one to have dropped the atomic bomb yesterday which caused mass destruction. When the bomb reached approximately 2,000 feet above the surface it was detonated. Reports say that â€Å"Little Boy† caused a massive wind that leveled houses up to 1.5 miles from the center of the explosion. â€Å"A bright light filled the plane," wrote Lt. Col. Paul Tibbets, the pilot of the Enola Gay, the B-29 that dropped the first atomic bomb.

Weighted Average Cost of Capital and Yeats

Extra Credit Assignment: Yeats Valves and Controls Inc. Completed as a Group with the Following Individuals: (in alphabetical order by last name) Adetunji Adeniyi Tung F. Cheng Gregory Chiu Rashmin Patel WenHao Zhang Course Title: Accounting and Finance Course No. /Section: MG6093 Instructor: Frank X. Apicella November 28, 2012 Yeats Valves Question The following are questions which should focus the groups on important aspects of the Yeats Valves case. Note the actual case name is Yeats Valves and Controls, Inc. The case number is UV0094.There is also a spreadsheet – that number is UV0184. As mentioned   – the corresponding case is TSE  International Corp. – case # UV0114. 1. What is the situation that this company faces? Yeats Valves and Controls, Inc. is currently considering a merger with TSE International Corporation. The founder, who is Chair and CEO, W. B. â€Å"Bill† Yeats, is about to reach his 62nd birthday and does not have a succession plan. He is concerned with the future of his company as none of the other executives can take his place because they are all specialists.Bill Yeats believes that TSE can provide stability to Yeats as he is reaching retirement, and TSE is a larger company with better marketing and global distribution channels. However, he is concerned with the fit of the two companies even though he thinks TSE is a better partnership than other alternatives. 2. What are the strengths and weaknesses of Yeats and its counterparty, TSE? Unlike TSE, which is more global-oriented with indirect distribution channels, Yeats has a stronger national and direct distribution channel.TSE has a larger mass market production system (high volume) while Yeats has a more customized market production (lower volume). In addition, Yeats has a strong R&D, having many patents for multiple applications, particularly with its latest development of the Widening Gyre Program that has a high-profile government contract. This might not be reflected in the stock of the company as a growth opportunity. 3. Why should Yeats and TSE want to negotiate a merger deal?Yeats is considering this merger deal because it would offer a succession plan for the company as TSE is a much larger company that can offer Yeats financial stability without having Yeats to identify new capital (debt and equity) on its own to fund the Widening Gyre Program (an advanced hydraulic-controls system). Yeats needs additional funding in order to continue the R&D of the Widening Gyre Program. Also, TSE has the expertise of mass manufacturing that Yeats need for widening its reach in commercialized distribution.In order to maintain a competitive edge, Yeats need both the finance and manufacturing capabilities of TSE as other competitors in the same industry have been consolidating more and more. However, Bill Yeats is concerned about losing voting control from a merger with TSE. He also wants to ensure that Yeats employees are kept after the mer ger and its stockholders gain value from the merger. He wants TSE to continue the R&D and commercialization of the Widening Gyre Program; and for him to stay on as head of Yeats until TSE can fully operate Yeats by ffering him a reasonable bonus plan. Though Bill Yeats could turn to another company, Rockheed Marlin, a large defense contractor, or other companies, he prefers TSE because he is familiar with TSE and they have complementary needs. Bill Yeats also ruled out a joint venture with TSE because he felt it was an inferior alternative as it will have the same integration issues. To reduce tax obligations, Yeats and TSE want to complete the merger in a stock-swap deal. 4. Use valuation analysis to determine the valuation of Yeats. What are the key value drivers?As mentioned above – Note the Harvard web site has a student spreadsheet for Yeats Valves that you  should  use as the basis for your analysis. Questions are contiinued below – One way of determining val uation of Yeats is through WACC, the Weighted Average Cost of Capital. It is the minimum return a company needs to earn in order to satisfy its investor base (as weighted for the amount of debt vs. equity in the target/capital structure), which is what the company must pay investors to raise new financing to support new projects or ventures.WACC is particularly useful here because Yeats has no debt, thus, it is an equity financed company. In the case of Yeats, the company must have capital to continue to develop and market its new Widening Gyre Program. The formula for WACC = Re (E/V) + Rd (D/V)(1-t) However, because Yeats does not have debt, the second half of this formula, Rd(D/V)(1-t) is not necessary. Being that Yeats has zero debt, the value of its equity is in full, which represents its Enterprise Value. Tax (t) is determined in the case as 40% or . 40 (p. 5).We must then calculate the CAPM for the cost of equity (see Excel sheet for details): Re = Rf + Beta (Rm-Rf) Re = Requi red Return on Equity Rf = Risk Free Rate = 5. 98 (p. 16) Beta = Measure of Risk relative to the general market (volatility) = 1. 5 (p. 5) Rm-Rf = Equity Market Risk Premium (EMRP) = 5. 5 (p. 16) Rm = Market Risk Rf = Risk Free Assets (U. S. treasury security) With Beta at 1, the stock price changes in precise tandem with the market, but with Yeat’s beta at 1. 5, it is more risky than a group of peer stocks. Thus, Re = Rf + Beta (Rm-Rf) Re = 5. 98 + 1. 5 x 5. 5Re = 14. 23%, the cost of equity at for Yeats Then calculate WACC = Re (E/V) + Rd (D/V)(1-t) WACC = 14. 23 (100%) + 0 (0%) (1-40%) WACC = 14. 23% Addtional Questions for Yeats / TSE cases 5. What do you believe Yeats valves is worth? What key financial assumptions determine the range of high and low values in your valuation analysis? Also, draw on any other valuation approaches and information that you can. With WACC = 14. 23% Assuming Terminal Growth Rate = 4% 1) Terminal Value (or present value at a future point) with $ represented in 1,000 = $7059. 8 (1+4%) (14. 23% – 4%) $71771. 1 = $72 million 2) DCF (Discounted Cash Flow calculated using a financial calculator): CF0 = 0 CO1 = 4689. 3 CO2 = 4584. 3 CO3 = 5302. 1 CO4 = 6127. 4 CO5 = 78830. 9 I = 14. 23 NPV = 55306. 17 NPV = $55. 306 million 3) Equity Value= 55,306,170 Minus Debt= 0 Divided by Outstanding Shares = 1,440,000 or $55,306,170 1,440,000 Equity Value per Share = $38. 407 per share Other valuations can include comparing P/E ratios with other peer companies. Also comparable are Price/Revenues, Price/EBIT and Price/EBITDA. See exhibits 8 and 9 for comparable Ratios of Peer Firms. 6.What are the advantages and disadvantages of a combination between Yeats and TSE Int? The advantages of combining Yeats with TSE would be that Yeats can offer R&D expertise that TSE lacks, and TSE can offer manufacturing and marketing expertise that Yeats lacks. With TSE’s commercialized global reach and Yeats’ national government contract s, it would be expected that there would be financial synergies that would benefit both companies in the long-term, including cost savings from greater purchasing power for materials and components, and application of TSE’s Six Sigma for higher quality control savings.This would increase value to stockholders of both organizations and offer diversification. However, the disadvantage would be that the two companies operate differently and will have to find a common ground that would allow them to merge their cultures. One of the concerns mentioned in the case is that Yeats has a more entrepreneurial operation that might not fit TSE. Both companies will have to be open-minded to learn each other’s methods of operations. 7. What risks do TSE Int. and Yeats Valves face in the proposed merger?Consider a range of transaction, financial and operating risks. What effect do these risk factors have on the value of Yeats Valves? In the proposed merger, TSE will not want to over p ay for the proposed merger while Yeats will not want to be under-valued in the stock swap. Yeats has a concern that TSE may under-value its Widening Gyre Program, which could be under-estimated by the market price. Bill Yeats wants to stay on to operate Yeats after the merger with a bonus and return to R&D rather than focusing on raising capital.TSE has to know how much value such a transaction will offer TSE being that TSE has very little experience in financing R&D. Both companies must consider their differences in operating cultures and the risks involved over the long-term viability of the two companies. TSE must consider how long they will have Bill Yeats as he is nearing retirement at a time when TSE might need Bill Yeats to maintain the success of this merger. What long term bonuses may be required to attract Bill Yeats to remain, and what succession plan might TSE have to come up with for Yeats Inc.?These are all risks to both parties. 8. Develop a negotiating strategy i. e. , an opening asking price to sell your company – Yeats – as well as the price below which you would walk away from the deal. Justify your ‘drop dead’ or walk away price. Being that the Terminal Value is at $72 million, we would ask to sell Yeats to TSE at that opening price. However, in calculating the Discount Cash Flow Value with Net Present Value at $55 million, this would be the drop dead price we would walk away from the deal.A value between these ranges would be preferred, as the minimum ($55 million) represents the equity value of Yeats and the maximum ($72 million) represents the future value of Yeats. In addition to the price negotiations, we would also negotiate social terms (as suggested by Bill Yeats). This includes for Yeats’ employees not to be terminated after the merger and Bill Yeat to remain as head of Yeats with bonuses (five year options to purchase 80,000 shares of TSE stock at 90% of market price at the close of acquisition, a nd an incentive bonus of $50,000 to $200,000 per year).